Brazil revives its plan to have the world's largest National Bitcoin Reserve

Brazil is reviving a bill to create a strategic reserve of one million bitcoins over five years, which will redefine its financial policy and its role in the global digital economy.

The Brazilian government has placed itself at the center of the global Bitcoin landscape after Reactivate Bill 4501/2024The proposal calls for the creation of a Sovereign Strategic Bitcoin Reserve, called RESBit, with the goal of accumulating at least one million BTC in the next five years.

If approved, the South American country could compete with powers like the United States and China in building national cryptocurrency reserves. The initiative aims to strengthen the Brazilian economy, promote the adoption of emerging financial technologies, and reinforce its position as a key player in the international digital market.

Accumulate one million bitcoins in five years

The new text of the Bill 4501/2024 It states that the Brazilian government will seek “treasure"At the very least, 1.000.000 bitcoins over a five-year periodThis figure represents approximately 1 out of every 21 BTC that will exist once the issuance is fully distributed. According to legislative calculations cited in the Chamber of Deputies, this measure would entail a financial effort of close to $68.000 billion at the current market price.

Based on Eros Biondini's original project, the substitute version promoted by federal deputy Luiz Gastão significantly expands the initial proposal, which aimed to limit exposure to Bitcoin to a maximum of 5% of international reservesThe new approach, focused on achieving a specific BTC accumulation goal, reinforces the view of cryptocurrency as a long-term strategic asset, transcending its merely speculative use.

From a macroeconomic perspective, the initiative recognizes Bitcoin as a hedge against inflation and the volatility of fiat currencies. It also defines it as an asset resistant to confiscation by third parties, placing it in a category similar to gold or other reserve assets, albeit with a digital nature that aligns with the country's financial modernization goals.

Furthermore, the project integrates Bitcoin into the national fiscal policy. It allows the payment of federal taxes in BTC y authorizes that the resources obtained remain in the reserves called RESBit without needing to immediately convert to the local currency. It also establishes the express prohibition on selling bitcoins seized by judicial authoritiesThis measure puts Brazil in line with governments like that of the United States, which are beginning to treat these holdings as strategic assets, rather than simply assets recovered by the justice system.

Furthermore, the administration of these reserves will fall to the National Treasury, the Central Bank, and the Ministry of Finance, institutions that must submit detailed reports to Congress every six months regarding the custody, movements, and performance of the BTC. The text also mandates the use of cold storage solutions, multi-signature systems, and recognized international standards to guarantee the security and transparency of management through the publication of accurate data in real time.

Brazil promotes its integration into the digital financial system

One of the most striking aspects of the bill is the connection between the strategic Bitcoin reserve and Drex, the digital currency issued by the Central Bank of Brazil. The initiative proposes the possibility of using Bitcoin as backing for Drex, integrating a global digital asset into the national financial system. With this idea, Brazil positions itself as one of the most advanced countries in the region in terms of regulatory and technological innovation related to cryptocurrencies.

Furthermore, the proposal It promotes the development of Bitcoin mining. within the country and promotes the participation of public companies in this activity. According to the text, state entities could allocate resources to block validation and BTC custody under specific regulations. This measure seeks to strengthen the network infrastructure from Brazilian territory, generating investment, employment, and local knowledge related to the mining industry.

On the other hand, RESBit's reserve mechanism would not depend solely on market purchases. The plan envisions the state accumulating bitcoins through tax collection, holding temporary stakes in BTC exchange-traded funds (ETFs) during emergency situations, and incorporating assets seized by authorities into its reserves, which could not be resold.

In line with international trends, Brazil is following the path of countries already advancing similar policies regarding Bitcoin. El Salvador, for example, holds over 7.560 BTC in state reserves. There are also movements in Pakistan, Hong Kong, Ukraine, and several US states, where laws are being promoted to include Bitcoin in state public reserves. In North America, an executive order signed in March 2025 by President Donald Trump also established a national strategic reserve backed by seized crypto assets. In Europe, the Czech central bank and Swiss citizen groups are studying similar measures.

If Brazil's RESBit project moves forward in Congress and is approved in its current form, the nation could become one of the world's largest state holders of Bitcoin, surpassing even the United States and China. 

Bitcoin gains ground on the Brazilian economic agenda

The relaunch of Bill 4501/2024 places Brazil in a strategic position within the global debate on the role of governments in the face of Bitcoin's rise and the expansion of digital finance. The country seeks to diversify the composition of its national reserves and promote a custody and transparency model that reinforces its leadership in the responsible management of digital assets.

Internationally, this movement is not happening in isolation. Central banks in various regions, from Asia to Europe, are exploring ways to integrate Bitcoin into their economies, moving beyond the perception that it belongs solely to the private sector or tech communities.

If Brazil's proposal is implemented, the country could become the first G20 economy to formally incorporate a strategic Bitcoin reserve, setting a precedent in monetary policy and state digitalization. This measure would not only expand its financial framework but also solidify its role as a Latin American leader in economic innovation and the adoption of new technologies.